The Convention on Biological Diversity Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework requires signatories to ensure that all areas within a country are under Participatory, Integrated, and Biodiversity-Inclusive Spatial Planning (referred to here as PI-BISP) to bring the loss of areas of high biodiversity importance and ecosystems of high integrity close to zero by 2030, while respecting the rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities (Target 1).
Here, we define PI-BISP as a systematic, holistic and inclusive approach to spatial planning, that integrates terrestrial, freshwater, and marine realms, identifying the spatial actions necessary toaddress the drivers of biodiversity loss.
PI-BISP guides coordinated spatial interventions to manage, protect, and restore areas for improved biodiversity outcomes and avoid potential negative impacts on biodiversity. Effective implementation of Target 1 informs the planning and achievement of multiple other GBF targets, specially on restoration (Target 2), protection (Target 3), halting species extinction, protecting generic diversity, and human-wildlife conflict (Target 4), and ensuring sustainable, safe, and legal harvesting and trade of wild species (Target 5), amongst others.