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This report examines the extent to which Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are currently reflected, enabled, and operationalised within Fiji’s policy, legal, and institutional frameworks governing the forestry and coastal protection and restoration sectors. Its purpose is to assess alignment with internationally recognised NbS principles, identify systemic gaps and barriers, and provide an evidence based pathway for strengthening NbS integration across national development, climate, biodiversity, and resource-governance systems.

This briefing paper provides a short synthesis of key findings and strategic priorities from the National Policy Framework Assessment Report on Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) in Tonga. The analysis focuses on forestry and coastal resilience sectors, with cross-sectoral linkages to national development, climate, and biodiversity frameworks. 

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Marine ecosystems remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and regulate climate, yet their contribution remains weakly represented in national wealth accounts. Here we develop a global valuation framework for blue carbon wealth that combines spatial data on coastal ecosystems, including mangroves, seagrasses and salt marshes, with country-level estimates of open-ocean biological carbon transport. We value annual removal flows using country-level social cost of carbon estimates.

This briefing paper provides a short synthesis of key findings and strategic priorities from the National Policy Framework Assessment Report on Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) in Tonga. The analysis focuses on forestry and coastal resilience sectors, with cross-sectoral linkages to national development, climate, and biodiversity frameworks.

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Coral reefs are the frontline sentinels of planetary change, revealing the consequences of a warming world before they fully unfold. Today, they are among the most threatened ecosystems on Earth due to climate change and other environmental insults such as overfishing, pollution, and coastal development.

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Tropical forests sustain a disproportionate share of global biodiversity and of nature’s contributions to people, yet they are increasingly destabilized by interacting pressures from climate change, land-use change and intensifying disturbance regimes. Understanding and monitoring forest resilience — the capacity to resist, absorb, recover from and adapt to disturbance — requires scalable approaches that integrate biodiversity, ecosystem structure and function across space and time.

This framework is designed to serve as a blueprintfor safeguarding Palau’s coral reefs as they face an escalating climate crisis. While Palauan reefs haveh istorically demonstrated resilience (see glossary of terms for definitions) to climate change impacts, projections indicate that by 2030, extreme marine heatwaves may start occurring more frequently and severely, which will likely disrupt natural recovery processes 16,17.

Off the coast of Mexico, National Geographic Explorer Bertie Gregory spots a lifeless creature dangling from a fishing line. With a bulging head that looks like it swallowed a gavel, there's no mistaking the animal: It’s a hammerhead shark. Gregory captured the heartbreaking footage while filming Hammerheads Up Close, premiering July 5 on Disney+ and Hulu and airing on National Geographic at 9/8c. In the show, the wildlife filmmaker scours the Pacific waters looking for hammerheads and examines why their numbers have plummeted in recent years.

Growth in understanding of ecological restoration necessitates updated guidance for effective, equitable, and outcome-oriented restoration across terrestrial, inland water, and coastal and marine ecosystems. The third edition of the Society for Ecological Restoration (SER) International Principles and Standards for the Practice of Ecological Restoration provides an expanded, evidence-based framework for ecological restoration aligned with the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration and other global frameworks.

While biodiversity is being reshaped across the globe, extinction risk assessments are lacking for most species, and a major challenge remains in understanding whether global threat status aligns with local population trends. Here, we assess whether population temporal prevalence trends are consistent with a species’ global extinction risk, using over 60,000 populations of 2362 species across 978 marine and terrestrial assemblages (sampled for at least 20 years, mostly from temperate regions).