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In 2005, the government of Fiji committed to protecting at least 30% of Fiji’s marine areas using ‘comprehensive, ecologically representative networks of MPAs [marine protected areas], which are effectively managed and financed’. 3 In order to establish a comprehensive and ecologically representative network of marine protected areas (MPAs), Fiji must first have in place a suitable legal framework, that is, appropriate policies and legislation. The purpose of this paper is to support the development of a comprehensive legal framework for the establishment and management of an effective network of MPAs in Fiji which is based on science and suited to the Fiji context.