Deep seabed mining is often presented as a new economic frontier for Pacific nations—a source of revenue, jobs, and minerals needed for the global energy transition. But when we look beyond the promises and examine the evidence, the conclusion for Tonga is clear: deep seabed mining is a high-risk gamble we cannot afford to take.
This is not an argument against development. It is an argument for choosing development paths that protect our people, our ocean, and our future.
The deep ocean is one of the least understood ecosystems on Earth. Scientific studies consistently warn that seabed mining would cause direct destruction of habitats and widespread indirect damage through sediment plumes, noise, vibration, and artificial light. These impacts are not confined to a single site. Sediment plumes can travel far beyond mining areas, smothering marine life and disrupting food chains.
