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Prof John Marshall (left), taking samples in Spitsbergen. Credit: Sarah Wallace-Johnson
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Researchers at the University of Southampton have shown that an extinction event 360 million years ago, that killed much of the Earth's plant and freshwater aquatic life, was caused by a brief breakdown of the ozone layer that shields the Earth from damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This is a newly discovered extinction mechanism with profound implications for our warming world today. There have been a number of mass extinction in the geological past. 

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