“ICCAs" are indigenous peoples' and community conserved territories and areas. They achieve conservation of species and the natural environment, together with other social and cultural objectives.
ICCAs share the following three characteristics:
Daniel Brockington, David Wilkie. Protected areas and poverty.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2015; 370 (1681): 20140271 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0271
Infield, M., Morse-Jones, S., and Anthem, H. (2015). Guidelines for the Rapid Assessment of Cultural Ecosystem Services (GRACE): Version 1. A report by Fauna & Flora International.
Cultural ecosystem services (CES) and the benefits they provide have long been overlooked in decision making, yet they contribute greatly to human wellbeing.
Community Based Management resources
Model Law for Protection of Traditional Ecological Knowledge. Unknown Source. Available Through GRAIN Website.
Johannes, R. E. 2003. Use and Misuse of Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Management Practices: Pacific Island Examples. Pages 111–126 in D. Dallmeyer, ed. Values at sea: Ethics for the marine environment. University of Georgia Press, Athens.
Levine, A. and Sauafea-Leau, F. 2013. Traditional Knowledge, Use, and Management of Living Marine Resources in American Samoa: Documenting Changes over Time through Interviews with Elder Fishers. Pacific Science, vol. 67, no. 3, early view.
Singh, S. Sankaran, V. Mander, H. Worah, S. 2000. Strengthening Conservation Cultures: Local Communities and Biodiversity Conservation. Man and the Biosphere Programme, UNESCO, Paris, France.
Berkes, F. Colding, J. Folke, C. 2000. Rediscovery of Traditional Ecological Knowledge as Adaptive Management. Ecological Applications, Vol 10, No. 5.